Pig Breeding 2024 №3(82)

REPRODUCTIVE QUALITIES OF SOWS OF DIFFERENT BREEDS AND COMBINATIONS

UDC: 636.4.082.266

DOI: 10.37143/2786-7730-2024-4(82)5

REFERENCIS АРА style:Skrypnyk, V. O., Tsereniuk, O. M., & Akimov, O. V. (2024). Vidtvoriuvalni yakosti svynomatok riznykh porid ta poiednan [Reproductive qualities of sows of different breeds and combinations]. Svynarstvo i ahropromyslove vyrobnytstvo [Pig Breeding and Agroindustrial Production]. Poltava, 4(82), 67-79 [in Ukrainian]. doi: 10.37143/2786-7730-2024-4(82)5

V. O. Skrypnyk postgraduate
ORCID:https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4819-5325
E-mail:Skrypnykvo@gmail.com
Institute of Pig Breeding and agroindustrial production NAAS, Shvedska Mohyla Str., 1, Poltava, Ukraine, 36013
O. M. Tsereniuk, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, director of the Institute of Pig Breeding and AIP of the NAAS,
ORCID:https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4797-9685
E-mail:tserenyuk@gmail.com
Institute of Pig Breeding and agroindustrial production NAAS, Shvedska Mohyla Str., 1, Poltava, Ukraine, 36013

O. V. Akimov candidate of agricultural sciences, senior researcher, leading researcher, lab. breeding and selection of pigs
ORCID:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1938-0459
E-mail:akimov.kharkiv@gmail.com
Institute of Pig Breeding and agroindustrial production NAAS, Shvedska Mohyla Str., 1, Poltava, Ukraine, 36013

Abstract

Objective.To study the reproductive qualities o f sows o f different breeds and combinations using traditional evaluation methods and index selection methods. Methods. The research was conducted based on the pig commercial farm o f the private enterprise "Skrypnyk V. O .”, Lozova district, Kharkiv region, and the laboratory o f breeding and selection o f the Institute o f Pig Breeding and AIP NAAS. To carry out the experimental part o f the research, two control groups o f sows were formed: Poltava meat breed (group I) and the Welsh breed (group II). The sows were inseminated with semen from boars o f the same breeds in purebred breeding. Experimental groups III and IV were formed for reciprocal crossing o f Welsh sows and Poltava meat boars. The next two experimental groups (V and VI) were formed by direct matings o f Welsh and Poltava meat sows with Large White boars. The evaluation o f sows for reproductive qualities was carried out considering the following quantitative traits: total number o f piglets born; multiparty; survival ofpiglets at weaning; litter weight and average weight o f a piglet at weaning. A comprehensive evaluation o f the animals in the experimental groups was carried out according to the Selection Index o f Sow Reproductive Qualities (SIRQS). The results o f the studies were processed by the method o f variational statistics. Results. When the Poltava Meat breed sows were used as a maternal form and mated with boars o f the Welsh and Large White breeds, the similar level o f values o f the number ofpiglets at birth was foundfor both combinations. At the same time, sows o f the Poltava meat breed when combined with boars o f other breeds exceeded sows o f this breed in purebred breeding in terms o f the number o f piglets at birth, respectively, by 12.14 12.75 %. All evaluated groups o f animals in terms o f the percentage o f live piglets at birth were noted for a high level o f this index, with fluctuations in different groups from 91.96 to 92.82 %. In terms o f the number o f live piglets at birth, the highest values were observed when using Welsh breed sows when combined with boars o f the Large White (13.73 piglets) and Poltava meat (13.67 piglets). For both combinations, a significant difference was found compared to the Poltava meat breed in purebred breeding (p <0.001). Regarding the mass o f the litter at weaning, compared to other groups o f animals, the lowest values were observed in animals o f the Poltava meat breed in purebred breeding (71.87 kg). The highest values for this index were observed for the combination o f Welsh breed sows with Large White breed boars (93.60 kg). The difference between these contrasting groups in terms o f litter weight at weaning was 30.24 % (p< 0.001). Regarding the level o f the SIRQS for groups o f animals o f different combinations, the fluctuation ranged from 88.38 (the Poltava meat breed in purebred breeding) to 114.58 (the Welsh breed in combination with the Large White). Conclusions. It was determined that in general, in purebred breeding, the sows o f the Welsh breed outperformed the sows o f the Poltava meat breed in terms o f the main indexes o f reproductive ability. The use o f Welsh sows in combination with boars o f the Large White and Poltava meat breeds provided an increase in the values o f the main indexes o f reproductive ability compared to purebred breeding. When combining the sows o f the Poltava meat breed with boars o f the Large White and Welsh breeds, the values o f the main indexes o f reproductive ability also increased compared to purebred breeding

Key words: pigs, reproductive ability, combination o f breeds, Poltava meat breed, sows, SIRQS, index selection.

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