Українська версія | English version
THE INTERDEPARTMENTAL SUBJECT SCIENTIFIC DIGEST PIG BREEDING

and agroindustrial production

CURRENT ISSUES OF ANIMAL WELFARE AND HEALTH IN PIG BREEDING (REVIEW)


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UDC: 619:614.31:636.4.083

DOI: 10.37143/2786-7730-2024-3(81)12

REFERENCIS АРА style:Paliy, A. P., Tsereniuk, O. M., & Rybalko, V. P. (2024). Suchasni pytannia blahopoluchchia ta zabezpechennia zdorovia tvaryn u svynarstvi (ohliadova) [Current issues of animal welfare and health in pig breeding (review)]. Svynarstvo i ahropromyslove vyrobnytstvo [Pig Breeding and Agroindustrial Production]. Poltava, 3(81), 168-193 [in Ukrainain]. doi: 10.37143/2786- 7730-2024-3(81)12

A. P. Paliydoctor of veterinary sciences, director of the Institute
ORCID:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9193-3548
E-mail:paliy.dok@gmail.com
National Scientific Center «Institute o f Experimental and Clinical Veterinary Medicine» 83 Hryhoriia Skovorody St., Kharkiv, Ukraine, 61023 O. M. Tsereniuk,Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, director of the Institute of Pig Breeding and AIP of the NAAS,
ORCID:https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4797-9685
E-mail:tserenyuk@gmail.com
Institute of Pig Breeding and agroindustrial production NAAS, Shvedska Mohyla Str., 1, Poltava, Ukraine, 36013
V.P. Rybalko, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Corresponding Member of the National Academy of Sciences, Head Scientific Researcher of the Breeding Laboratory,
ORCID:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3463-6010
E-mail:ribalkov342@gmail.com
Institute of Pig Breeding and agroindustrial production NAAS, Shvedska Mohyla Str., 1, Poltava, Ukraine, 36013

Abstract

Objective. To summarise current issues related to welfare and health in pig production. Methods. Domestic and foreign sources o f literature on the subject o f research and their desk analytical analysis. Results. Today, animal welfare is determined by a combination o f three interrelated components: the physical, mental and natural state o f certain animals, as well as, o f course, humane human attitude to meeting their needs. Until recently, the problems o f humane treatment ofproductive animals were exclusively related to economically developed countries where intensive livestock production technologies were used. Pig farm s need to have highly productive animals, adequate and balancedfeed, and use resource-saving technologies to produce breeding and marketable products at the optimum cost. Improving the efficiency o f pig production primarily has a negative impact on the welfare o f pigs. A t the same time, it should be understood that, in general, pigs are raised to produce meat and lard products, which is directly related to their slaughter and, accordingly, the taking o f their lives. Therefore, the needs o f pigs will not be fully met. However, the basic needs - the so-calledfive freedoms o f animals - must be met. A detailed grouping o f approaches to determining animal welfare is form ed in three main aspects: physical condition, mental condition and naturalness. It should be borne in mind that the satisfaction o f specific needs in the natural environment does not always ensure their fu ll satisfaction in the two aspects ofphysical and mental health. In the case o f pig breeding, it is necessary to take into account the consequences o f longterm targeted selection o f the main breeds and significant modification o f their representatives compared to wild forms. The provision o f air, water and feed fo r pigs is critical and should be provided in full. However, this is not always taken into account on Ukrainian p ig farms. In addition, the welfare o f pigs is inextricably linked and directly depends on the health o f the animals. Conclusions. The review o f literature sources to summarise current issues related to welfare in p ig production indicates that there are a number o f issues to be addressed in Ukraine. First and foremost, we are talking about E U legislation that should be implemented in domestic production, which is especially relevant on Ukraine's path to fu ll E U membership. With regard to the existing p ig welfare issues, the list o f methods and approaches fo r determining certain indicators is gradually expanding, but it should be borne in mind that welfare in p ig production is not limited to pig housing. These are issues related to the transport and slaughter o f pigs, aspects that synergise with the subsequent safety o f pig products. O f particular importance are the issues in which pig welfare intersects with biosecurity and ensuring appropriate animal health.

Key words: pigs, welfare, animal health, housing, feeding, productivity, commercial pork production.

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