Pig Breeding 2023 №2(80)

BIOLOGICAL BASIS OF THE APPLICATION OF THE HETEROSIS EFFECT BY BREED-LINE HYBRIDIZATION AND INDUSTRIAL CROSSING IN PIG BREEDING (review)

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UDC: 57.01:636.4.082.26

DOI: 10.37143/2786-7730-2023-2(80)10

REFERENCIS АРА style:Shablia, V. P., Tkachenko H. M., Tsereniuk, O. M., Shabfe, P. V., Buhai, I. O., & Skrypnyk, V. O. (2023). Biolohichni osnovy zastosuvannia efektu heterozysu za porodnoliniinoi hibrydyzatsii ta promyslovoho skhreshchuvannia u svynarstvi (ohliadova) [Biological basis of the application of the heterosis effect by breed-line hybridization and industrial crossing in pig breeding (review]. Svynarstvo i ahropromyslove vyrobnytstvo [Pig Breeding and Agroindustrial Production]. Poltava, 2(80), 144-168 [in Ukrainain]. doi: 10.37143/2786-7730-2023-2(80)10

V. P. Shablia,Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor of the Department of Livestock and Poultry Technologies
ORCID:https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6510-5397
E-mail:shabliavladimir@gmail.com
State Biotechnological University Alchevskykh Str., 44, Kharkiv, Ukraine, 61002
H. M. Tkaczenko Doc. o f Biology Sci., Professor o f Department o f Zoology
ORCID:https//orcid.org/0000-0003-3951-9005
E-mail:: halina.tkaczenko@upsl.edu.pl
Institute o f Biology, Pomeranian University in Slupsk 22B Arciszewskiego St., Slupsk, Poland 76-200
O. M. Tsereniuk,Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, director of the Institute of Pig Breeding and AIP of the NAAS,
ORCID:https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4797-9685
E-mail:tserenyuk@gmail.com
Institute of Pig Breeding and agroindustrial production NAAS, Shvedska Mohyla Str., 1, Poltava, Ukraine, 36013
P. V. Shablia postgraduate
ORCID:https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1248-9925
E-mail:finngine2905@gmail.com
Institute of Pig Breeding and agroindustrial production NAAS, Shvedska Mohyla Str., 1, Poltava, Ukraine, 36013
I. O. Buhai postgraduate
ORCID:https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1476-0903
E-mail:agkprime@gmail.com
Institute of Pig Breeding and agroindustrial production NAAS, Shvedska Mohyla Str., 1, Poltava, Ukraine, 36013
V. O. Skrypnyk postgraduate
ORCID:https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4819-5325
E-mail:Skrypnykvo@gmail.com
Institute of Pig Breeding and agroindustrial production NAAS, Shvedska Mohyla Str., 1, Poltava, Ukraine, 36013

Abstract

Goal. To summarize the biological features and results o f the application o f the heterosis effect through the analysis o f organizational and methodological approaches to the formation and implementation o f systems o f breed-line hybridization and industrial crossing in pig breeding and other industries. Methods. Domestic and foreign sources o f literature on the subject o f research and their chamber analytical analysis. The results. Modern industrial p ig breeding is based on the application o f industrial crossing and breed-line hybridization. These two methods o f breeding are used to obtain in the offspring those advantages provided by the manifestation o f the biological effect o f heterosis fo r the combination o f the productivity indexes o f the parental form s o f pigs selected for a certain group. To ensure such a system, the pig breeding industry is divided into two main components - breeding and commercial. The selection o f intermediate parentalforms (or the first parentalforms) is subject to higher requirements, because the manifestation o f the effect o f heterosis according to the group o f signs o f the reproductive capacity o f sows must be ensured, and selection should be directed according to the growth rate o f the young pigs. The finalform in crossbreeding and hybridization systems are the so-called terminal boars. Conclusions. A review o f literature sources regarding the generalization o f the features and results o f the application o f the heterosis effect through the analysis o f biological and organizational-methodical approaches to the formation and implementation o f systems o f breed-line hybridization and industrial crossing in pig breeding and other industries indicates sufficient plasticity o f the system o f used approaches. For any approach to the causes and consequences o f heterosis, one o f the main, i f not the key, the limiting factor in its practical implementation is the ratio between the costs o f means and time fo r the organization o f the process, on the one hand, and the increase in efficiency from its application, on the other. The developed generalmethodical approaches to the organization o f systems o f industrial crossing and breedline hybridization in p ig breeding make it possible to obtain heterosis effects fo r a number o f economically useful traits in accordance with the set requirements. Modern world trends to obtain a greater number o f high-quality meat products can be ensured due to the use in p ig breeding o f individual parental form s and effective variants o f the effect o f heterosis in the systems o f industrial crossing and breed-line hybridization. The developed models for assessing the breeding value o f pigs should take into account the biological features o f the inheritance o f economic and useful traits during breed-line hybridization and industrial crossing, as well as the predicted effects o f heterosis on a number o f economically valuable characteristics o f pigs.

Key words: pigs, biological features, heterosis, breed-line hybridization, genetic potential, pure line, crossing, selection, breeding value, dominant genetic effect.

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