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Interinstitutional Thematic Scientific Collection PIG BREEDING

and agroindustrial production

ESSENTIAL OILS IN PIG PRODUCTION: AN ALTERNATIVE APPROACH TO HEALTH AND WELFARE


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I. I. Antonik Cand. o f Agricultural Sci., Ph.D, Leading Research Fellow Laboratory o f Systems Bioengineering in Animal Farming,
ORCID:https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6361-7225
E-mail:primaveraryna@gmail.com
Institute of climate-oriented agriculture of the National Academy of Sciences St. Mayatska doroga, 24, village Khlibodarske, Odesa district, Odesa region, Ukraine
H. M. Tkaczenko Doc. o f Biology Sci., Professor o f Department o f Zoology
ORCID:https//orcid.org/0000-0003-3951-9005
E-mail:: halina.tkaczenko@upsl.edu.pl
Institute o f Biology, Pomeranian University in Slupsk 22B Arciszewskiego St., Slupsk, Poland 76-200
O. V. Lukash Doc. o f Biology Sci., Professor, Professor o f Department o f Ecology, Geography and Nature Management
ORCID:https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2702-6430
E-mail:: lukash1120@gmail.com
T. H. Shevchenko National University “Chernihiv Collegium ” 53, Hetmana Polubotka St., Chernihiv, Ukraine 14013
N. M. Kurhaluk Doc. o f Biology Sci., Professor o f Department o f Animal Physiology,
ORCID:https//orcid.org/0000-0002-4669-1092
E-mail:natalia.kurhaluk@upsl.edu.pl
2Institute o f Biology, Pomeranian University in Slupsk 22B Arciszewskiego St., Slupsk, Poland 76-200
V. V. Nedosekov Doc. o f Vet. Sci., Professor, Professor o f Department o f Epizoothiology, Microbiology and Virology
ORCID:https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7581-7478
E-mail:: nedosekov06@gmail.com
National University o f Life and Environmental Sciences o f Ukraine Heroyiv Oborony st., 15, Kyiv, Ukraine, 03041

Abstract

Aim: To carry out an overview o f the problem o f the use o f essential oils (EOs) in pig production as an alternative approach to health and welfare o f pigs. Methods. Analysis and generalisation o f the research results on the use o f essential oils in p ig production. Results. The multiple effects o f EOs on p ig health are reviewed. From their potent antimicrobial properties to their role in reducing stress and improving immune function in pigs, the diverse applications o f EOs are highlighted. Notable examples o f the successful integration o f EOs into p ig management practices are highlighted, providing practical insights into their efficacy. The article also addresses the critical issue o f antimicrobial resistance in pig production, highlighting the potential o f EOs as a viable alternative to antibiotics. The economic and environmental considerations o f this alternative approach are discussed, emphasizing the holistic benefits they can offer to pig production. The conclusion advocates the adoption o f the use o f EOs as a holistic approach in line with contemporary ethical and environmental standards. By embracing this alternative, farmers have the opportunity to improve animal welfare, meet consumer expectations and contribute to a more sustainable and resilient p ig industry. In addition to exploring their potential as an antibiotic replacement, the holistic impact o f essential oils on various facets o f animal health, from digestive wellbeing to immune system enhancement, has been assessed. The integration o f EOs into animal husbandry represents a convergence o f traditional wisdom and modern scientific research. This convergence is driven by the collective recognition that animal health and welfare are closely linked to wider issues such as fo o d safety, environmental impact and the ethical considerations that underpin responsibility fo r animals. Conclusions. The integration o f EOs into pig production is emerging as a promising alternative approach to improve the overall health and welfare o f pig herds. A key aspect addressed in this paper is the alternative role o f EOs in reducing reliance on antibiotics. The documented antimicrobial efficacy o f EOs such as tea tree, eucalyptus and thyme has been demonstrated in the context o f disease prevention, highlighting their potential to reduce pathogenic bacteria. The multifunctional nature o f EOs is explored, highlighting their positive impact on digestive health and immune modulation. EOs, when used in aromatherapy in pig housing, have a preventive effect on respiratory diseases. This preventive measure is crucial in maintaining the respiratory health o f the herd. The use o f EOs has been shown to be beneficial in reducing stress in pigs. Many observations suggest lasting benefits associated with the use o f EOs in p ig production. This alternative approach not only addresses immediate health concerns, but also provides a sustainable and effective method o f managing pig health in the future. Optimal application methods and doses o f EOs are needed, as well as standardised regulations to guide the integration o f EOs into pig farm ing practices.

Key words: essential oils, oilseeds, pig breeding, pig husbandry, biological properties, animal health, welfare, antimicrobial resistance, aromatherapy

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