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REFERENCIS АРА style: Susol, R. L. (2023). Napriamy optymizatsii tekhnolohii vyrobnytstva
svynyny z urakhuvanniam potentsiinykh problem hlobalnoho poteplinnia [Directions of the
optimization of pork production technologies taking into account potential problems of global
warming]. Svynarstvo i ahropromyslove vyrobnytstvo [Pig Breeding and Agroindustrial Production].
Poltava, 1(79), 144-160 [in Ukrainian]. doi: 10.37143/2786-7730-2023-1(79)09
R. L. Susol Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor of the Department of Production and Processing Technology
livestock products
ORCID:https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2395-1282
E-mail:r.susol@ukr.net
Odesa State Agrarian University, Kanatna Str., 99, Odesa, Ukraine, 65039
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Abstract
As o f today, in the meat balance of Ukraine, pork has ceded the honorable first
place to the poultry industry and has taken an honorable second place literally over
the past 2-3 years, but it can be unequivocally stated that pork will retain its leading
position in animal husbandry in the future. Thus, two industries - poultry breeding
and pig breeding, due to their valuable biologically and economically beneficial
characteristics, are and will remain the leaders of meat production in Ukraine for a
long time to come. They are united by the fact that successful production of both pig
and poultry products requires the use of increased amounts of mixedfodder, which in
turn consists of cereal and protein ingredients. The use of increased amounts of
compound feed in feeding pigs and poultry makes these species of animals compete
with humans in terms of grain, cereals, etc., which is especially important in the
context of global warming, which will reduce or even eliminate the yield of grain and
industrial crops. The further development of pig breeding as an industry clearly
requires a scientific approach to determine the direction of optimization of pork
production technologies, taking into account various potential problems (obstacles),
one of which is global warming, which has a direct (indoor microclimate) and
indirect (crop yields) impact on the industry. The purpose of this work is to identify
and summarize potential areas for optimizing technologies for domestic pig
production, taking into account possible problems and consequences of global
warming. Methods. Actual calculations on water use and manure output were carried
out for the State Enterprise "Andriivske" of the Bilohorod-Dnistrovskyi district of
Odesa region on the basis of reference, legislative or scientific materials according to
generally accepted methods in pig production. Research results and discussion. The
consequences of global warming are droughts, floods, soil salinization, increasing
cases of various epidemics that will affect agriculture, which in turn can lead to a
food crisis and even the disappearance of some products and wildlife. As for the
optimistic scenario: the temperature of the planet Earth will rise by a critical 1.5°C,
and then the globe will begin to cool, but to implement this scenario, humanity must
stop burning fossil fuels and stop deforestation by 2030, which makes this scenario
unlikely. Conclusions. Possible scenarios for optimizing pig production technologies
in Ukraine against the background of global warming include:
- wider introduction of intensive industrial pork production, which, unlike
extensive production, provides significantly lower final feed and water consumption
per unit of growth;
- only if the sanitary protection zone is observed and air protection measures
are implemented, it is possible to significantly reduce pollutant emissions from pig
farms and, accordingly, improve the sanitary, epidemiological and environmental
situation in the vicinity of pig farms;
- reuse of water effluents for their further technical use in manure removal
processes for large-scale pig production in Ukraine should be developed as a
priority;
- gradual increase in the popularity of eco-technologies or even organic
technologies for growing crops with the use of organic fertilizers, which, against the
background of long-term crop rotations, allows to obtain up to 1 tone of additional
production in terms of grain.
Key words: global warming, industrial pig production, technology optimisation,
production intensification, feed consumption, water consumption.
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