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REFERENCIS АРА style: Lykhach, V. Ya., Lykhach, A. V., & Povod, M. H. (2023).
Vidtvoriuvalni oznaky i elementy povedinky svynomatok za riznoho utrymannia ta sezoniv roku
[Reproductive features and elements of the behaviour of sows during of different housing and seasons
of the year]. Svynarstvo i ahropromyslove vyrobnytstvo [Pig Breeding and Agroindustrial Production].
Poltava, 1(79), 118-129 [in Ukrainian]. doi: 10.37143/2786-7730-2023-1(79)07
V. Ya. Lykhachd. s.-g. n., professor, head department of technologies in poultry farming,
pig breeding and sheep breeding
ORCID:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9150-6730
E-mail:vylykhach80@nubip.edu.ua
National University o f Bioresources and Nature Management of Ukraine
Horihuvatskyi Shliach Str., 19, Kyiv, Ukraine, 03041
A. V. Lykhachd. s.-g. n., professor, professor of the Department of Animal Biology
ORCID:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0472-6162
E-mail:avlykhach@nubip.edu.ua
National University o f Bioresources and Nature Management of Ukraine
Horihuvatskyi Shliach Str., 19, Kyiv, Ukraine, 03041
M. G. PovodDr. S.-G. Sciences, professor of the Department of Feed Technology and Animal Feeding,
ORCID:https://orcid.org:0000-0001-9272-9672
E-mail:nic.pov@ukr.net
Sumy National Agrarian University Herasyma Kondratieva Str., 160, Sumy, Ukraine, 40000
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Abstract
In pig farming, farrowing structures are used to reduce crushing ofpiglets. The
movement of the sow in such structures is usually limited, which reduces the
probability and frequency of dangerous changes in posture that lead to the death of
piglets. Such structural elements of the farrowing limit the movement of the sow while
standing, sitting, lying down and turning on its side. Limited mobility and behavioral
manifestations of sows cause a decrease in the level of well-being. Machine-based
farrowing systems are designed to address these welfare issues by providing more
space, allowing sows to turn around and interact more with their piglets. In this
regard, the aim of the conducted experiment was to study the influence of housing
conditions and seasons o f the year in the farrowing shop o f sows on their
reproductive parameters and elements o f behavioural in the conditions o f a
commercial pig farm. Materials and methods. For the scientific and economic
experiment, two groups of sows of the Large White breed were formed in the amount
of 10 heads each. The sows of the first control group were housed in a room with a
partially regulated microclimate in machines on a solid concrete floor, with the
division of the machine into: a compartment for the sow and feeding and resting
piglets with the use o f variable straw bedding for the non-fixed maintenance o f the
sow, the size is 2.0Ч2.3 m. The sows of the second experimental group were housed in
a room with a regulated microclimate in machines on a partially slotted floor above
concrete baths without the use of litter, with a fixed retention of the sow in the
machine during the entire suckling period, the size of the machine is 1.8Ч2.4 m. Results.
As a result o f the experiment, it was determined that that the introduction
into production of a new type of farrowing machine made it possible to improve the
survival of piglets by 21.9 %, to increase their average daily gain during the suckling
period by 11.1 % and the weight of the litter of piglets before weaning by 17.9 %.
Elements of the behavioural of suckling sows and suckling piglets depend on the
season and structural features of the premises and machines for farrowing. In modern
machines, sows rest more (by 6.8-19.0 %) and move less (by 27.5-32.4 %). While
piglets show by 6.3 % more mobile activity in machines of the new design in winter
and by 5.5 % less in summer. Conclusion. On the basis of the conducted experiment,
it was established that the design o f the farrowing system o f sows significantly affects
their behavioral elements and reproductive parameters, ensuring social interaction
between sows and piglets, which is confirmed by the reliability of the obtained
research results.
Key words: machines, period o f the year, productive traits, suckling piglets,
suckling sows, farrowing system, welfare.
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